Have you ever thought about what it really means when your favorite shirt proudly says it's "made with synthetic fabric"?

Synthetic fabrics, also called man-made fabrics, are created from artificial fibers that aren't natural, usually coming from materials like plastics, which are made from polymers.

These polymers, strong compounds similar to what plastics are made of, are what form the basis of these fabrics

Man-Made (Synthetic) Fabrics

Let's quickly explore how fibers are made. Making synthetic fibers usually starts with a process called polymerization.

Here, certain chemicals, usually from petroleum, react together - like an acid and an alcohol - in a sealed vacuum at high heat.

This reaction forms a polymer. The polymer is then either spun into fibers right away or turned into plastic chips, which are later melted and spun into fibers through a process called 'melt spinning.' (Textile Explainer)

In general, there are natural textile fibers and man-made fibers (synthetic). As textile technology has advanced, a great number of man-made and natural fibers have been discovered, providing designers with a rich array of materials to choose from. 

While natural fabrics like cotton and silk, wool and angora, cashmere, and flax/linen have long been cherished for their timeless appeal, man-made fabrics have emerged as a game-changer in the industry.

The development of man-made fabrics can be traced back to the early 20th century when scientists sought to find alternatives to traditional materials. Nylon, the first commercially successful synthetic fabric, paved the way for a revolution in the fashion industry. Here belong as well polyester, rayon, acrylic, spandex/lycra, olefin/polypropylene, modal, tencel/lyocell, viscose, bamboo, rayon, carbon fiber, and aramid/kevlar. (Thought Co)

Versatility is a key advantages to man-made fabrics. These textiles can be engineered to possess specific properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. From the lightweight and breathable polyester to the luxurious and lustrous rayon, man-made fabrics offer an array of options for designers to explore and experiment with.

In addition, synthetic fabrics are sustainable and durable, as fabrics like recycled polyester and regenerated nylon are made from post-consumer waste, reducing the reliance on virgin materials. Additionally, man-made fabrics can be produced with fewer resources and have a lower carbon footprint compared to natural fabrics (reference).

Moreover, man-made fabrics are often resistant to wrinkles, shrinking, and fading, ensuring that your favorite outfit retains its shape and color for longer periods.

However, not all synthetic fabrics are created equal. Let's dive into the best and the least qualitative of the synthetic fabric spectrum.

The Best Synthetic Fabric Types

When discussing top synthetic fabrics, Polyester is a must-mention.

Polyester

It's known for being super strong and not easily wrinkled. People often mix it with other materials to make it even tougher. Polyester also keeps its color well and doesn't fade easily, which is why it's a favorite for sports clothes and outdoor gear.

Nylon

Nylon is recognized for its excellent elasticity and strength, nylon is commonly used in hosiery, swimwear, and sportswear. Its moisture-wicking properties make it ideal for active pursuits, ensuring comfort during workouts or outdoor adventures.

Spandex

Spandex is also known as Lycra or elastane, spandex is the stretch champion. Loved for its ability to provide elasticity and shape retention, spandex is often blended with other fabrics to add comfort and flexibility to garments like leggings, swimwear, and undergarments.

The Lower End Fabrics

The least sustainable and skin-friendly synthetic fabrics are acrylic fabrics that may mimic the softness of wool, they fall short in terms of breathability.

Acrylic

Acrylic is prone to pilling and can cause discomfort due to its limited ability to regulate temperature. Additionally, its environmental impact raises concerns as it is derived from petroleum.

Rayon

Rayon, which is often considered a semi-synthetic fabric due to its plant-based origin, undergoes extensive chemical processing. It can lose its shape when wet and may not be as durable as other synthetics. Rayon also raises environmental concerns due to the chemicals used in its production.

Polypropylene

Polypropylene commonly used in activewear and thermal underwear, excels in moisture-wicking. However, it falls short in terms of comfort and breathability, often trapping heat against the skin. Its synthetic nature and environmental impact make it less appealing in the context of sustainability.

Last but not least, man-made fabrics have opened up new avenues for designers to push the boundaries of creativity. With their ability to be molded into various textures, prints, and finishes, these fabrics offer endless possibilities for innovative designs. From futuristic metallic sheens to intricate laser-cut patterns, man-made fabrics have become a playground for fashion visionaries.

Conclusion

It's crucial to be discerning when choosing the right material for your clothing, despite synthetic fabrics offering undeniable benefits. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each synthetic fabric allows consumers to make informed decisions, balancing performance with environmental considerations. As the textile industry continues to evolve, the quest for innovative, sustainable synthetic fabrics remains at the forefront of fashion's future.

Subscribe to the ResidentFashion newsletter to receive the latest tips in fashion and style straight to your inbox.

Check out the article: ANNUAL CLOSET CLEANSE FOLLOW OUR STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE next.